Machine for inserting fastenings.



I L. A. GA'SGRAIN;

MACHINE FOR INS ERTING FASTENINGS. l APPLICATION FILED'MARJ'I, 1906.

i ,048, 1 34. Patented Dec. 24, 1912.

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L. A. GASGRAIN. MACHINE FOR INSERTING PASTENINGS.

APPLICATION FILED HAR.17, 1906. 1,048,134,, Patented Dec. 24, 1912.

7 SHEETSSHEET 2v L. A. GASGRAIN MACHINE FOR INSEBTING ITASTEN-INGS. APPLICATION FILED MA B.17, 1906'.

Patented Dec.24,1912

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

L. A. OASGRAIN.

MACHINE FOR INSERI'ING PASTENINGS. APPLIGATION PI'LED MAR. 17, 1906.

Patented Dec. 24,1912.

L. A. GASGRAIN. MACHINE FOB INSERTING FASTENINGS.

APPLICATION TILED MAR.17, 190G.- 1,048,1 34;. Patented Dec. 24, 1912.

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l/WTNESSES. 3' rm f r ILK%MMMWQ I L. A. GASGRAIN. MACHINE FOR INSERTING FASTENINGS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 17, 1906.

1,048; 34, Patented Dec. 24, 1912.

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MACHINE FOR mstmme FASTENINGS.

APPLICATION TILED MAR. 17, 1906. A

Patented Dec. 24, 1912 '1 SHBETS$HEET 7.

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UNITED STATES A'r NT OFFICE.

LOUIS A. CASGRAIN, OF BEVERLY, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO UNITED SHOE MACHINERY COMPANY, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY, LA. CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

' MACHINE FOR INSERTING FASTENINGSJ Application filed March 17, 1906. Serial No. 306,612.

To all whom it may concern:

.Be it known that I, LOUIS A. OASGRAIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Beverly, in. the county'of Essex and Com-. monwealth of l\classa'chusetts, have invented reference characters on the drawings indicating like parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to machines for inserting fastenings and is herein shown as embodied in a machine of the type. represented by Letters Patentof the United States, No. 669,023, granted February 26,

1901, and No. 693,686, granted February 18,

1902. Each of the machines shown in said Letters Patentforms from continuous Wire a fastening having ashank with aplenehing point and having a depending head shorter than. the shank and ,then inserts this fastening into the stock, turning back. or clenching, the point of the shank. The machine of Letters Patent- No. 693,686 also forms an opening or cutin the stock to receivethe head of the fastening and, after the-fastening has been inserted, closes the stock over it. However, While the, various features of the present invention may conveniently be, and preferably are, embodied in machines of the character described and claimed in the said patents, yet some of these features are generally applicable to; machines for inserting fastenings of any kind commonly employed to secure together layers of material or to attach the soles of boots and shoes.

A principal feature of the present invention consists in means for forming in the Work or stock an opening for the head of the fasteni11g,-in combination with means for forming another opening for the shank of the fastening. 'The opening for the shank insures that the fastening will be guided,

accurately and witlrcertainty in its pas sage into the Work, so that it shall be driven straight and so that when a sole is being attached to a lasted shoe. practicallygall liability of the. point of the shank running out of the upper is eliminated. This and other features of the invention may be embodied in any machine for inserting fastenings which have a head and a shank and is mot limited to a machine which isadapted to insert a fastening of the specific character descrlbed 1n the patents above mentioned.

In the preferred embodiment of this feature of the invention the opening for the head of the fastening is made by a device which forms a comparatively shallow recess in the surface of the Work extending in the directionlin which the work is fed, while the opening for the shank is. made by a device, such as an awl, which enters the work through this recess. It will be obvious, therefore, that the opening for thehead and the opening for the shank intersect so that they, together, constitute a continuous o'pening which forms a seat or pocket to receive the fastening. Hence, broadly stated, the 'invention comprises, in one aspect, a plurality of separately actuated devices for forming in the stock an opening or seat for the fastening. Preferably, also, means is provided for closing the stock over the inserted fastening. As hereinafter described, the device for forming the opening for the head may be constructed to out a slit in the surface of the work and to spread the stock at the sides of this slit so as to Widen it, After the fastening has been inserted, the closingthe fastening whether or notihe opening in the work for the head of the fastening is made by this same machine or by some other machine or by hand.

Patented Dec.2et,1912.

Another feature of the present invention 7 relates to the mechanism for actuating the awl. It is desirable to have the awlpass substantially or nearly thr'ougl'i the stock whatever the thickness of the work. Since the upper side of the work, through which the awl enters, is always at the same height whether the work be thick or thin, the awl.

must descend a distance which Will vary according to the thickness ofthe work if it is to penetrate to thesame pointrelative to the lower side of the work for all thicknesses. salt, in the present "mainline the awl bar, in which preferably the awl is positively locked, is connected to alever which in turn.

In order to obtain-this desirable re-- has connections to the horn or work-support upon which the work s sustained.

' This, lever is provided with a stud adapted directly to engage a cam which actuatcs the awl bar to cause the and to enter or penetrate the work, Thus, the lever may be cs cill'ated independently either about its connection to the work-support or about its stud as a fulcrum. The connections between the awl and the worlrsupport are so pro- 'portioned that the awl ismoved int-he same 3 direction and for the same distance as the wo'rk'support when the latter rises or falls to accommodate various thicknesses of work.

Hence, when-the awl is actuated by its cam,

the lower limit of its stroke is always at a predetermined distance fromthe lower side of the work sustained on the work-support. Preferably, also, the connectionsbetween the awl and'the work suppo'rt are provided with imparting to the driver bar its operative stroke,'the bar coming into engagement with a stopthat limits its stroke.

Usually this bar is raised-positively by a lug which dii'ectly engages the bar or by a cam which actuates' the bar through a lever. That por- 'tion of the stop which contacts with the bar 7 is generally slightly yielding, being made of leather or like cushioning material, and therefore after. its operative stroke, the driver barrebounds a substantial distance fromthe; stop. Heretofore, so far as I am aware, "rlo attempt has been made to take advantage of the force of this rebound inretracting or raising the driver bar to its normal vorhighest position. Hence, the lifting cam, in some instances, hasheen so de signed that it commences to raise the bar during the downward movement which follows a rebound, resulting in a sharp blow to the bar and its actuating mechanism. In.

such case, this mechanism has to resist and overcome not only the weight of the moving parts and the force of the spring or springs, referred to, but also the kinetic energy due to the motion of these parts. Consequently,

v an unnecessary strain is put upon the machine and, also, the cam-actuated lever for raising the bar frequently is broken, Where such a lever is employed. Accordingly, an-

' other object of the present'invention, broadly stated, is to utilize, for the raising of a driver bar, the force with which it rebounds from the work or from the stop which it strikes at! the termination of its driving stroke. To this end, the cam or other means for raising the bar is so'designed that it picks up, or acts to raise, the bar just as it rebounds from the work. Hence, the force f rehound does nothaveto be overcome, but

" stop,

intense it actually assists in raising the bar to its normal position.

The leather or like material which acts as a stop for the driver bar gradually wearsaway, and hence, unless provision is made against it, the lower limit of the stroke of the bar descends so that the spring or springs which actuate the driver bar will cause a greater force to beexerted upon the fastening being. driven. Furthermore,'there is a liability that, as the lower limit of the stroke of the bar descends, the cam-engag.

ing projection or stud moving with the driverbar undertheinfiuence of its actuating spring or springs will strike the lifting cam, near the'end of the driving stroke, be fore thebar comes into engagement with its unless considerable been given to the corresponding portion of the cam. One of the features of the machine of the present invention is the provision of means for maintaining the stroke of the driver substantially constant by the adjustment of the-position of the stop itself, as a result of which the disadvantages'above specified are obviated. Preferably, the stop comprises a cup, containing a cushioning material, suchas leather washers or the like, the cup being adjustable longitudinally of the driver bar.

A further important feature of the presclearance has out invention relates to the means for feedr ing the wire from which the fastenings are made. In its broader aspect, this feature comprises means for'varying automatically the length of wire fed to the fastening forming mechanism by changing the rate ofi feed without changing substantially the points in "the cycles of operation at-which the feeding of the wire begins and ends: In

the preferred form of wire-feeding mechanism, the length of wire fed is measured accurately according to the thickness of the work at the point at which the fastening is to be inserted, and the mechanism which regulates the feed of the wire acts positively, with certainty, and with no lost motion during the feeding movement, so that the time occupied by this movement is always the same relatively to the time occu pied by the whole cycle of operations of the machine, but the rate of feed is accelerated or retarded according to the thickness of the work. In the machine. about to be described, the length of Wire fed may be regulated automatically' by theadjustment of the position of a connecting pin toward and from the, axis of an arm or crank, thus varying the stroke of the Wire-engaging device which is connected to the pin and which is operated by the oscillation of the arm. The pin is preferably mounted on a block movable ice wof a portion of the device for feeding the Wire, some of the parts bemg 'cut away; Fig

cording to the position of the work-support and, therefore, according to the thickness of the work calipered by the work-support.

In order to avoid any liability of feeding 'WiIB by a movement of the work-support whenft he nachine is at rest, the mechanism for" actuating the arm or crank is so timed that the slot left in substantially a vertical position when the machine steps so that the wire-feeding mechanism will not be actuated by the vertical movement of the block and of the work-support. Furthermore, the

feeding' mechanism includes, a friction clutch' by which an accurate and reliable operation of the feeding mechanism is obtained and by which the mechanism is r cn. dered compact andcomiparatlvely nolseless.

I 'VVhile the present machine embodies most of the features ofthe earlier machines'above mentioned, the new combinations of part-s have made necessary a complete reorganiza- I tion of said earlier-machines. 7 Furthermore,

l binations of parts and certain details of conthe present invention comprises, in addition to the novel "features already specifically mentioned,- various arrangements and comstruction which wiil be hereinafter described at rest; Fig. 2 is a view in front elevation ofand claimed.

Referring now to the drawings :F igure 1 is a view in side elevation of a machine which embodies my invention in its pre ferred form, the parts being shownflin the positions they occupy when themachine is sectional elevation taken substantially upon the central transverse plane of the machine; Fig. 6 1s a plan: view with certain parts shown in section of the work gage and work feeding mechanism; Fig. 7 is a detail view in perspective of a portion of the. mechanism shown in Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a perspective view 9 is a detailvie'win front elevation of aportion of the'device shown in Fig. 8 with the frame in section; Fig. 10 is a sectional plan 3 view upon the line 1010 of Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a'portion of the mechanism for forming the fastenings, as seen obliquely from the rear; Figs. 12 to 14-, inclusive, are detail-views of the same'mechanism in different positions; Fig. 15- is a ;.view, partly in elevation and partly in-section, showing the work clamped between the 'work-support and the presser-foot, together vwith other related parts; Figs, 16 and 17, re

spectively, are detail views of the cutting de vice and of the closing device; Fig. 18 is a perspective view of a piece of stock showing two I fastenings' inserted into the cuts or openings made for their heads in the surface of the stock, one of the cuts being shown open and the other closed. 1

In the form of the invention illustrated in the drawings, 2 represents the frame for supporting the various parts ofthe .machine. The driving pulley 3, constitutingthe loose member of a clutch, may be connected to and disconnected from the other member 4, which is fixed to the main shaft 5,by mechanism similar to that fully shown and described in the prior patents, above mentioned, and comprising a spring 6 normally tending to force-the loose member 3, which is carried upon a sliding sleeve (not shown) into operative engagement with the fixed 5 member 4. In the prior construction, a pin was mounted to slide in the fixed member so as to bear against a flange on the sleeve and, When. the operator desired to release the clutch, .he brought, the inclined end of a curved arm pivoted on the frame into opera tive relation wlth the end of the shdable pm which, as 1t traveled along the mclme, was

moved longitudinally to release the clutch members.

VVit-h the. present improved construction,

.the flanged sleeve is acted upon by two or p more pins 7 slidable in the fixed clutch member 4 and secured to a segmental curved bar or plate 8 having an inclined or tapered end 9. A pin 10, slidable in a bracket of the machine frame, may be forced outwardly so that the inclined end 9 of'rotating bar 8 will engage it, thus pushing bar. 8 outwardly along the shaft in opposition to spring 6 to release the clutch members tocause the ma chineto stop. When pin 10 is released so that it may move inwardly, spring 6 will force the clutch members into engagement to start the machine. A finger 11, having an inclined face to engage pin 10, is secured in an arm 12 fixed upon a rock shaft 13 which is suitably supported in' bearings in-the machine frame. F ixed to this shaft 13 is an arm 14: connected to a rod 15, which extends downwardly to a treadle 16 pivotally mounted upon a bracket 17 at the base of the machine. A spring 18 secured atone end to arm 14 and at the other to a fixed projection -19.-;maintains the treadle normally raised and the clutch members disengaged. A stop 20, having provision for adjustment, ifderg sired, engages arm'12 to limit the movement, under' the influence of spring 18-, of the mechanism just described. i

Upon the main shaft 5 are two cam blocks 21,21 having slightly bulging 0r eccentric portions adapted to be engaged by coop-- crating brake shoes 22 so as to stop the ma- :chine, 'when desired, a a definite. point. in $0 2O i the blocks 21 and 21. more certainly as the,

&

This feature of construction is the same in principle as in my priorpatents and need not; be further described in detail. As shown, each brake shoe is held to theshaft 13 by a bent U-shaped spring 25 which straddles the shoe. The ends of the spring are connected to pins 26 on each side of the shoe'and .the intermediate loop is bent into a recess or slot in the shaft, as shown in v 4c and 5, so that each shoe is held against lateral movement on the shaft,- and so that the shoes will bedrawn away from shaft 13 is rotated to start the machine. 'As shown in Figs. 4t. and 5, the brake shoes may be slotted at 27 and a tapered pin or wedge 28 may be driven into a hole in the-side of each shoe so as to widen said slot and force the braking surface of the shoe toward the block 21 or 21 to compensate for wear.

The work into which fastenings are to be inserted is clamped between a fixed resser foot, hereinafter to be described, and a vertically movable work-support or horn 80, mounted in an arm 31Yto. rotate upon the.

horn spindle 32. A long sleeve 38 rigid with a cap or plate 34 constitutes a hearing or guide for the spindle 32, the sleeve being slotted at its lower end to receive a bar 85 extending from the spindle into the slots to prevent rotation of the spindle;

The main frame 2 has a boss 36 with a horizontal bearing surface upon which the plate 34 may be swung about a pivot 37in order to carry the worlosupport out of vertical alinement with thejpre'sser-foot so as to render the parts above the work-su-pport readily accessible. The plate'iyi is, provided with, a notch through which a stud 38 projecting upwardly from boss 36' passes when the plate is swung laterally to bring the work-support into position; A handle 39 with an eye having screw threads to en gage the threads of stud 38 serves-to clamp thoplate 3a to the'boss 36 so as to'prevent lateral movement of the worlosupportduring the operation of the machine. An adjusting screw 4:0 in plate 34: hearing against stud 38regulates thelatcral adjustment of the work-support when in working position;

The mechanism for actuating the worksupport, while particularly useful in a ma chine havingthe features herein claimed, is

also capable of use in other relations and is not, therefore, herein specifically claimed, it

having been made the subject-matter of another application by this sppiicant May 2'1, 1907, Serial N0. 374,853.," Since,

however, some form of actuating mechanism for the work-support will ordinarily be employed in the machine and since some of 'thecombinations herein claimed include to a greater or less extent the mechanism for actuating the work-support, it will now be briefly, described.

The spindle 32 isnotched at to receive the end of a lever 46, pivoted-at 47 in the frame 2. The rear end of lever &6 is con nected by a linkLS to a pivot pin 4:9 mounted in two offset ears 50 at the lower end of a slide 51-wl1ich is vertically movable in ways in the machine frame being retained in place by plates 52'. A block 53, through which pin 49 passes,,h as a threaded socket into which is screwed a rod 54. Loosely mounted on the upper end of this rod is a flanged sleeve 56 which is supported upon a coiled spring 57 surrounding the rod and bearing at" its lower end upon the upper of two nuts 55. One arm 58 of a two-armed lever, mounted to oscillate on the concentric portion of an adjustable shaft 59 secured in the machine frame, is provided with a hole 60 through which the upper ends of rod 54 and of sleeve 56- pass, the

cessed side of the arm. The other arm 61 of the two-armed lever hasa stud or roll 62 running in a cam track 63 the right side of cam block 21 as viewed in Fig. 3.

In the rear of the hole 60 .in arm 58 is a transverse pin-64: supporting two pawls 65 which are adapted to engage corresponding ratchet teeth 66 on the slide 51. A leaf spring 67 supported by a lug 68 at thecnd of the arm 58 forces the pawls toward their ratchet teeth. An adjustable plate 69, having the function of a shield, r sts over a greater or less number of the ratchet teeth for a purpose to be described,being clamped in adjusted position under. retaining plates 52. A spring 70 connected at its upper end to projection 19 and at its lower end to an adjustable collar 71 on rod {l8 comiterbalances,

to a greater or less extent, the work-support 30 and itsconnected parts. Preferably, the strength of the spring and the adjustment of collar; 71 are such that'the workflange of the sleeve engaging the lower re support constantly tends to move to its lowest position.

During each cycle of operations, the arm 7 '58., actuated by carn'groove 63, first raises thework-support through spring 57 to clamp the work with a yielding pressure. When, or just before, 'arm 58 reaches-the 'lowerend of its stroke, pawls 65 engage the ratchet teeth 66, thuslpr'oviding' a'positive connection between the work-support and its actuating cam-so that the work-support is locked rigidly in raised position. Freferably the shield 69 is so adjusted that the pawls engage the ratchet teeth inst he sition of the shield 69 and is independent of,

the thickness of the work. The force ex erted through spring 57 may be varied by adjusting nuts 55 on rod 54 with or without adjusting rod 54 in the socket in block 53.

After the work has been clamped by the work-support, an opening, recess, or indentation is cut or otherwise made in the upper surface of the work; to receive the head, of a fastening an'd aii'other opening or hole is made to extendint d'the work from said recess to receive'the shank of the fastening, as already stated. The opening for the head of the fastening is" preferably made by a cutting device 75 (see Fig. 16) similar to that shown and described in prior Patent No. 693,686, which device displaces the stock by raising it on each side of the opening, as indicated at m, Fig. 18, so that the fastening may be inserted. The cutter 75 is secured in a swinging carrier 76 pivoted at 77 to the head of the frame 2. toothed segment 78 on this carrier meshes with the teeth 79 on the side of a vertically guided rack 80, shown in Fig. 2, which also has teeth 81 on its rear side meshing with the teeth 82 of a forwardly extending arm 83 secured to a short rockshaft 84 mounted in one side of the frame An arm 85, also secured to this rockshaft, provided with a roll or stud 86 which runsgin a cam track or groove 87 formed on the inside of a cam wheel 88 on the main shaft 5.

A closing device, shown as a finger 89, (see Figs. 15 and 17 similar to that disclosed in Letters Patent No. 693,686, is also pi-votcd on carrier 70, being maintained in position by a spring 90 which bears upon a fiat surface of a block 91 integral with the hub of the finger and which is secured at one end to one of the blocks or bars, to 'be hereinafter described, for clamping the wire while a fastening is being formed. After the fastening has been inserted the finger 89 presses down the stock raised byi the cut ter 75.- This finger is also actuated from cam 88 by the mechanism just described, both the finger 89 and the cutting device beingguidcd by a groove or slot 9:] in the presser-fmit 93 which is secured rigidly to the fixed clamping block just mentioned. This presseerdoot is similar in crmstruction and function to that shown and di'iscribed in Letli-rs Patent Yo. (193,680, but it is pro vidcd with an additional transverse opening or slot ()4 for the passage of an awl, as will now he described.

In order to insure that the shanltx-l the l fastening shall be driven straight into the v work, the present machine is provided with means for forming in the work an opening or hole to guide the shank. For this pur pose, an awl 100 to reciprocate into and out of the work is mounted in a swinging head or carrier 101 which is clamped upon the eccentric central portion of a pivot shaft 102 oscillating in hearings in the head of v frame 2. The awl has a rviuced 'or shouldered portion 103 which fits into a corresponding recess in the awl bar 104 so that it may be positively locked to prevent slipping. The awl bar slides in a guideway in the swinging head 101, being retained in place by a plate 105, which has an extension foot 106 to guide the awl 100, and by lugs 107 projecting laterally from the bar and bearing upon a plane surface 108 of the machine head.

Pivoted to the awl bar is a block 10%) extending into a slot 110 at the end of an actuating lever 111 which swings on the eccentric central portion of a pivot pin 112 extending through suitable ears orbearings 113 at the upper end of the slide 51 which is connected to the work-support 30, as already described.

A stud or roll 114 carried by lever 111 enters a cam track 115 in the left side of cam block 21 as viewed vfrom the rear of the machine. It will be noted that this lever 111 may be oscillated about either or both of two movable fulcra 112 and 114. Then the block 109 is in its inner position with the awl in approximate alinement with the tip of the horn 30, the fulcrum 114 of lever 111 is at substantially the same proper-1 tionate distance from its pivot 1 12 and from its point of connection to the awl bar 104 as is fulcrum 47 of lever 46 from its points of con neetion to the horn spindle 32 and to the rod 48. The relative positions of the awl and work-support may be adjusted by turning the eccentric pivot 112. lVhen the worksupport moves up or down, the lever 111 is oscillated about stud 114 as a fulcrum so that the awl is moved the same distance and in the same direction as the work-support.

Hence, the lower limit of the stroke of the awlis at a predetermined distance from the tip of the horn or work-support, although the work-support in its highest position is at a distance from the fixed presser-foot 93, which varies according to the thickness of the work. If, for example, the pivot 112 is so adjusted. that, when lever 111 is oscillated by cam track about pivot 112 as a fulcrum, the awl just reaches the lower side of work of a certain thickness upon the worksnip 'iort, then if the work of any other thickness is put upon the worlesupport, the lower limit of the stroke of the awl will be automatioally varied, so that still the awl will just reach the lower side of the work.

'the wire in from which the fastenings are No. 693,686, above mentioned, the disk 127 rotates on-a pin 128 eccentrically secured to the split stud 129 which is supported in the head of the machine frame. The disk 127 may be. moved to and from operative relation with the disk 126 to clanp or to release the wire by means of a handle 130 and, when f in operative position, the disk 127 is maintained in engagement with the wire by spring-pressed plunger 131. This mechanism by which'a substantially constant pres sure is exerted on the wire is essentially the same as that fully described in the said prior patents.

lhe disk 126 and its gear are fixed on the lower end of a supporting stud 132 to the upper end of which is secured a disk 133 constituting the driven member of a roll.

- clutch. This disk has recesses in its periphcry and is surrounded by a clutch-ring 134 so as to formtapering or wedge-shaped spaces 135 between the inner sides of the recesses and the inner wall of the clutch-ring 134%. A roll 136 in each space 135 is actc upon by a spring 137 which tends to force the roll into the narrower end of the space. Hence, rotation imparted to clutch-ring 1341 in the direction indicated. by the arrow in Fig. 8 will cause the rolls 136 to lock the ring and disk 1333 together so that the wire will be fed forward. Rotation of the ring in the opposite direction willtend to carry the rolls to the wider ends of spaces 135 and, by reason of the friction and inertia oi the parts, the wire engaging disks will remain stationary. However, it desired any suitable checking device may be employed to prevent-backward rotation of the disks. it is, of course, obvious that the usual pawl and ratchet connection. may be enioloyed instead of this roll clutch, although the latter is preferred since it. eliminates the noise and the lost motion which are inherent disadvantages of the pawl and ratchet construction. In such case, however, the interposed shield or shields of the prior patents, above mentioned, are not required.

'lhe clutch-ring 13 1 has, upon a portion of its periphery, gear teeth 138 meshing with the teeth 139 of a reciprocating rod or rack 140 which slides in a bearing in the head of the machinetrame. A connecting rod 141 jointed at 142 to the rod 140 is bored to r ceive a pin 143 fixed in a block 1 1a, which slides in a slotted arm or crank 1&5 of a short shaft 146 suitably supported in. a bearing in one side of the frame. At its outer end,this

incense shaft has teeth 1 1?, out in a portion of its circumference, which intermesh with teeth .1 18 on the end of a lever 1&9, loosely pivoted on the treedle-operated shaft 13. This lever is provided at its upper end wit-ha cam stud or roll 150 which runs-in the cam track or groove 151 on the inside of fixed clutch member 1 on the main shaft.

The length of Wire ted may be regulated hy the adjustment of the block 1 14: in the slotted arni 1 15. In the machine, herein described, this adjustment is made automatically according to the thickness of the work upon the work-support by connections new to be described. The connecting red 1 14. is extended beyond the pin 1 13 through a slotted block 152 which is carried by a pin 153 eccentrically supported in a sleeve 15s rotatable in a bearing at the upper end of the slide 51. To adjust the normal position of block 14% in the slotted arm 145, sleeve 154; may be rotated by the operator and then clamped in adjusted position by set-screw 155. With the construction described, it is evident that the thicker the work, the lower will be the position of the wcrlr support when. the work is clamped between it and the presser-foot and the higher will be the block 14% in thearrn 1 15, which results in an increase in the ef ective length of the crank: and hence the stroke or the rod 140 willbe increased to teed a greater length of wire corresponding to the increased thickness of the wor The cam track 151 is given such a shape that the slot in arm lei-5 will be approxilnately verticalwhen the machine comes to rest, which occurs at a definite point in its cycle of operations, as above explained. vAny vertical movement of the work-support and, consequently, of the slide 51 when the machine is at rest, will not, therefore, substantially affect the wire-feeding mechanism.

As shown in Fig. 5, the shaft 146 has clamped to it a dog 156 which is adapted to come in contact with an adjustable stop 15'? screwed into the frame and locked in adjusted position by any suitable means. Preferably, the head of the stop is provided with a face of leather or the like, to yield slightly as the dog 156 engages it. This= device is for the purpose of preventing over-throwing of the wire-feeding mechanism and for inor groove formed in one or both of two blocks or bars 100, 161. One of these blocks,

100, is adapted to be moved at one end toward and from the other block to clamp the wire While a suitable length to form a fastening is being severed from it. The block 101 is provided with a. fixed cutting edge 162 and the anvil'ltiil, and in other respects these blocks are or may be the same as in the prior patented construction referred to. The former 170, cou'iprising the shaper 171 and the bender 172, has been somewhat modified in the present machine. As shown in Fig. 11, a web of material, extending for the full length of the bender, connects it to the shaper and to the body of the former and closes the front side of the driver passage 173 in which the formed fastening is held and from which it is driven, this improved construction forming a guideway in which the.

fastening is more certainly retained and making the former stronger and stiffer. The guiding plate opposite the end of the anvil which was employed in the prior constructions to close the front side of the driver passage is no longer required, being replaced by the web of the former.

The former is secured to a. former bar 171 which slides in a guideway in the side of the swinging head 101 opposite to that in which awl bar 104 slides. A block 17 5, pivoted to the former bar, extends into a slot 176 at the endof an actuating lever 177 which may be clamped to an eccentric portion 178 of a sleeve 179 loosely supported in a. bearing in the frame 2 and through which shaft. 123 passes loosely. The sleeve may be adjusted rotatively so as to vary vertically the location of the former when .in its highest po sition and therefore also to vary the curvature of the shank of the fastening, as was done by a somewhat different construction in the prior patents above n'ientioned. The stud or roll 180 on lever 177 engages the cam track 181 on the left side of cam block 21, as appears in.Fig. 3, the shape of the.

cam track being such as will give the former the desired vertical movements for forming the fastening. Also mounted for reciprocation in the swinging head 101 is the driver bar190 which has a socket at its lower end to receive a split sleeve 191 into which the I end of a driver 192 is inserted. A short screw 19B threaded into thelower end ,of the driver bar bears against the sleeve 191 and may be screwed up to clamp both the sleeve and the driver in the socket. of the driver bar. A lfillg'lill lllilg' 10+ fixed in the swinging head or carrier 101. constitutes a. bearing for the driver bar. At. its upper end said bar is connected by short links 195 10a cain lever 100 provided with short [runnions 197 turning in hearings at the top oft frame 2. ltnvcrlul coiled springs 108 are each connected at one end to a trunnion 194 supported inthe machine frame and at the other end to a plug or block I196 which may be rotated in a split sleeve 98 clamped in desired position by screws 199 engaging recesses in the sleeve.- By rot-atably adjusting the plugs 199 the tension of springs 198 may be varied, thus regulating the force exerted upo n... t-he lever 196 and hence the forcewitli which a. fastening is driven. l

On the lower side of lever 196 are two lugs 200 between which is mounted a cam roll 201 which rests upon the edge cam 202 fixed on the main shaft 5.

The driver bar is provided at its upper end with a fixed collar or shoulder 203 which comes into engagement with a stop or cushion 204 shown as a series of washers of leather or like material into or through which the bushing 19-1 extends. Prefer ably, these washers are contained in an ex teriorly threaded cup 205 which may be rotated in a correspondingly threaded socket 206 in the upper end of the swinging head 101 for the purpose of raising the stop to compensate for wear of thewashers. It will be noted that, by adjusting the stop in this manner, the stroke of the driver bar and the force exerted by the springs in driving the fastenings is made substantially constant. A clamping stud 207 may be provided to hold the cup in adjusted position.

By reason of the elasticity of the stop 204', the driver bar tends to rebound from it after its driving stroke. The outline of cam 202 is such that it will pick up or act to raise the driver bar during a period when it' is rebounding from the work and before it starts downward again after such a rebound It will be noted that'the cam roll. swings inthe arc of a circle about the axis of the trunnion 197 of lever 100. position shown in Fig. 5, the roll 201 is just about to leave the high part of the cam at the point a and the driver bar and driver are justabout to start downward on the driving stroke. The roll leaves the periphery of the cam immediately after it passes point a. The driver and driver bar descend under the influence of springs 198 until collar 203.

strikes the stop 204k and then imn'iediately rebound. The rollafter leaving the cam near point a does not come again nto contact with it until it reaches approximately the .point 5, which occurs during the first upward or rebounding stroke of the driver bar after the fastening has been driven and, thine-tore, the cam acts to raise or pick up the bar as the driver rebounds from the' work. The shape of the cam surface from the point where the roll 201 leaves itto'the pointwhere-thc roll again engages it shown as' co nplcmental to the circular path of the l'bil relatively to the niovlng cam surface, but with a slight clearance, so that the In the and of cutter 210 relatively to the stationary cutting edge 162.

The swinging head 101 is oscillated backwardly and forwardly to put the awl and the driver alternately in operative position or in approximate alinement with the tip of work-support 30, to sever the partially- -t-ric portion of the pivot secured in the frame.

the hub of lever 61. .219 from falling out of place, its front end formed fastening, to carry said fastening to anvil 163where its formation is completed, and finally to put it into alinement with the passage 211 in the foot 93 through which the fastening is driven into the work. For oscillating the head 101, a link 212, pivoted in cars 213 at the rear side of the head, is connected to a lever 214 swinging on the eccenshaft 59 adjustably At its upper end, lever 21% is provided with a cam roll or stud 216 running in cam track 217 on the right side.of cam block 21., as seen on Fig. 4'. By turning the pivot shaft 59 in the frame, the location of the swinging head at the ends of its to-and-fro movement may be adjusted to bring the awl, driver, and former into roper position to cotiperate with the blocks 160, 161 and the resser-foot 93.

After the proper length of wire has been fed through the groove between blocks 160 and 161, as above described, the forward end of block 160 is sprung toward block 161 to clamp the wire while the shaper 171 is giving it the first bend to define the distance of the head of the fastening from the point of the shank and while-the cutter 210 is cooperating with the fixed cutting edge 162 of block 161 to sever and point the shank. For thispurpose, a slight recess 218 is'made near the rear side of'block 160 in which rests the forward end of a strut 219, the rear end of which is in position to engage the end of an adpustmg screw 220, extending, from the rear, partly through a tapped hole 221 in a lug 222 which projects downwardly from To prevent% the strut.

I is maintained constantly in the recess 218 .by a light spring 223 bearing against the front side of lug222 and against a shoulder 22 1 onthe strut, the strength of the spring being insufficient to force blocks 160 and 161'together to clamp the Wire. When the arm 61 is oscillated to raise the -work-support, as above described, the rear end of strut 219 is sustained-in tapped hole 221,

. arm 61, the block 160 is sprung 161 so as to clamp the wire. Simultabut not until near the end of the rearward movement of the arm. and after the feeding of the wire'is'completed does the end of screw 220 engage the strut 219. Thereafter, during the last portion of this movement of toward block neously, the work support 30 is raised slightly farther to compress the work sustained upon it.

When the arm 61 is swung forwardly and the arm 58 is raised after a. fastening has been inserted, the work-support is moved downwardly by spring 70 to release the work so that itmay be fed the desired distance for the insertion of the next fasten-- ing. For feeding the work, a wheel or disk 280 is provided with a roughened or serrated periphery to engage the work. This wheel has also the function of an adjustable gage,

as will be described. The hub 231 of this wheel has recesses in its periphery and constitutes one memberof a roll clutch similar to that shown in .Fig; 8 and already described. The other member 232 of this clutch has a flange 233 which surrounds the hub 231, closing the outer side of the recesses, thus forming tapering or wedgeshaped spaces .234. Springs 235 force the rolls 236 toward the narrow ends of the spaces 23% so that rotation of member 232 in 1 the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig.

7 willcanse the rolls 236 to lock the two members of the clutch so that they will. rotate together, while rotation of member 232 in the reverse direction will tend to carry the rolls to the wider ends of the spaces 234, so that the backward movement of'member 232 will not rotate the work-engaging wheel n 230. A spring washer 237 interposed be 5 tween hub 231 and the supporting bar or slide 238 acts as a brake more certainly to prevent rotation of the worlccngaging wheel upon the backward movement of clutch member 232. The wheel 230 rotates loosely upon a headed stud 239 which is screwed into the bar or slide 238 movable toward and from the work in a lever 2&0. ()bviously, however, the usual pawl and ratchet mechanism may be substituted for the roll clutch,

if preferred.

The clutch member 2232 1S oscillated by the same lever 214 that actuates the swinging carrier or head 101, as above described.

As shown In 1* igs. 4 and 0, this lever has a slotted extension or arm 211 in which a block 2&2 may be fixed in desired position by arm 241, jjt-he distance between successive fastenings in the work may be varied. Since a gage, provision is'inade for adjusting it to and from the Work and for locking it in. adusted ositi on. The bar288 is cut away on one si e for about half of its width to receive a clutch block 250 which is adjustably,

connected to the bar by a thumb screw 251,

'a spring 251 being interposed between the bar and block to take up any backlash. The clutch block 250 also cut away 011 one side and has two oppositely inclined surfaces 255. A clutching roll 256 is interposed between each of the inclined surfaces and the adjacent Wall 257 of the slot lever240 and is normally forced by a spring 258 into the narrower end of the tapering space formed between said surface and wall. The block 250, the bar 238, and the wheel 230 are thus locked in any position to which,

they may be moved. Each of the clutching rolls 256 may be moved. toward the wider end of the tapering space in which it lies, whenit is desired'to-adjust the gage, by one of two pins 259 slidable in block 250 and in position to be engaged by one end of a lever 260rpivoted upon an extension 261 of lever 240. 1 The end of lever 260 passes through a slot 262 in the side of the enlarged end-of lever 24-0 in which the bar 238 and clutch block 2530 slide and extends into a pocket in the block bet-ween the adjacent ends of pins 259. hen lever 260 is moved in either direction its end first engages one of the pins 259 and releases the corresponding clutching roll 256, as described, and then, as it is moved farther, the end engages the side wall of the pocket in which it lies and carries with it the block 250, and therefore the gage wheel 230. l Vhen the movement of the lever is stopped the released clutching roll 256 is again moved by its spring 258 into'locking position and the gage is then held firmlyin its new position.

In this class of machines, it is often desira-blc to move the gage quickly to any one of two or three predetermined positions, thereby varying correspondingly the distance from the edge of the work at which the. fastenings will be inserted. To this end,

the lever 260, as shown in Fig. 6, has on one arm a pro ection 263 provided with a recess 264. This projection is held by a spring 265 in engagement with a cam surface 266 of a T-shaped lever 267 pivoted on the ex tension 261 of lever 2&0. As illustrated, this cam surface is made up of two outwardlydnclined surfaces 268, which meet in an edge adapted to rest in the 264.

WVhen the lever 267 is in this central position the gage or feed wheel 230 is in its forward position, so that the fasteuings will be inserted nearest the edge of the work. If the operator wishes to retract the gage,

or opening in be independently he moves lever 267 from its central position. The cooperation of the projection 263 with one of the surfaces 268 permits lever 260 to be moved by its spring 265. This movement is limited by the engagement of one of two adjustable stop-screws 269 in the head of lever 267 with a fixed stop 270 on extension 261. If the two inclined surfaces, the two cooperating sides of projection 263, and the adjustment of the two screws 269, are

all respectively alike, as shown in Fig. 6,

then the gage'will be retracted substantially the same distancewhcn lever 267 is moved to both extreme positions. However, the stop screws 269 may be adjusted to vary the positions that the gage will take when the lever 267 is moved in either direction laterally from its central position, thus giving three predetermined positions to which the gage may be quickly and readily moved.

Moreover, as above described, the gage may adjusted by rotation of thumb screw 251. The lever 240 is sup ported so that the gage may be adjusted vertically. For this purpose, the rear end of the lever is provided with a three pointloearing. The lever has two similar feet 274, one of which isshown in Fig. 4:. The toe275 of each foot bears directly against a part of the machine frame while through the web 276, which connects the feet, passes an adjusting screw 277 bearing against another part of the frame. A screw 278, which passes somewhat loosely through the frame and a retaining plate and aids in clamping it in place,i.s threaded into each foot, serving to clamp the foot of the lever firmly to the frame. 'Hence the height of the gage may be regulated by loosening screws 278, if necessary, adjusting screw 277 and then. tightening up screw 278.

The work gage just described is not here in specifically claimed since it forms the subject-matter of another application filed by this applicant May 21, 1907, Serial No.

a As above explained the machine always stops at approximately the same point in its cycle of operations. lVhen the machine is at rest, the horn-actuating arm 58 is raised so that the horn or work-support 30 is in its lowest position, the swinging head 101 is at or near the end of its backward movement, the awl, the driver and the former are raised, and the pivoted carrier 76 is in a'n intermediate position with the cutting device '75 above the plane of the lower face of the presser-foot and the closing device 89 retracted so as to be out of alinement with the vertical passage through the presser-foot.

To start the machine, the treadle 16 is depressed, turning shaft 13 to retract brake shoes 22 from the peripheries of cam blocks 21 and 21 and withdrawing finger llinoru m engagement with slidable pin to cause scribed, by the thickness of the work bend, to the wire.

clamped between the work-support 30 and the presser-foot 93. While the wire is being fed, the pivoted carrier 76 is moved to cause the cutting device to make the opening in the surface of the stock for the head of the fastening. Then, the awl 100 is brought down to make'the hole for the shank of the fastening. Just after the feeding of the wire is completed, block 160 is forced toward block 161 to clamp the wire. The former 170 now moves downwardly from the position of Fig. 11 to that of Fig. 12, the shaper 171 giving the first The swinging head 101 nextmoves forwardly, the cutter 210 severing the partially-formed fastening from the wire clamped between the blocks 160 and 161.

The forward movement of the swinging head 101 continues until the former and the cutter have pushed the fastening into position over the anvil 163, whereupon the l former descends and the bender 172 'acts acute angle to the shank.

upon the short end of the wire to form the head of the. fastening with'a depending point which, preferably, extends at a small fit or near the end of the downward movement of the former the swinging head again moves forwardly suiiiciently to push the fastening off the anvil. By reason of the tendency of the depending point to spring away from the shank, the fastening is held fricticnally in the guideway or driver passage 173 til driven outby the driver. Since the same cam track 217 that oscillates the swinging head also actuates the, driving member 232 of the roll clutch which forms a part of the mechanism for feeding the work, this memher 232 is retracted'in the direction'opposite to that indicated by the arrow in Fig. 7 at the same time that the swinging head moves 'forwardly, as just described.

The driving member 134 of'the wire-feeding mechanism is also retracted in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow in Fig. 8 during the forward movement of the swinging head.

' This movement of the wire-feeding mechanism is made in two parts or steps, the first of which is that just referred to. At the end ofthis first movement, the slot in arm 145 is ea ues left substantially vertical so that, when the machine is at rest, vertical movements of the work-support will not cause the wire to be fed forwardly. The second part or step of the backward movement of the wire-feeding mechanism takes place just after the machine starts or substantially'at the beginning of the cycle of operations,'as stated above.

Soon after the fastening is pushed oil the anvil the driver 192 descends, driving the fastening into the openings made for it in the work, the point of the shank being clenched orturned backwardly into the work, as shown in'Figs. 15 and 18. As the driver rebounds from the work, its lifting mechanism picks it up and raises it to its highest position as already described. Just after the driver starts upwardly, the closing device 89 is actuated-to force down the lips m of the stock previously raised by the cutting device 75, so as to close the opening'and cover the head of the fastening. While the closing device is operatin f the form-er 170 is raised and as soon as th opening has been closed, the work-support 30 starts downwardly slowly, the former 170 begins to move backwagrdly and simultaneously the feeding of the work by wheel 230 begins. If the treadlc 16 is still depressed, the machine will continue torepeat the cycle of operations, above described, indefinitely. In the continuous operation of the machine at usualspecds, the work-support moves downwardly so slowly that, when released by its lifting mechanism, it can descend only a short distance before it is raised again by that mechanism to clamp the work. If the treadle is released the machine will come to a stop just before, or at the end of, the movement of wheel 230 for feeding the work forward, the work-support taking its lowest position so that the work may be removed.

Although the present invention has been herein described as embodied in one specific machine, it is obvious that in its broadest aspects the invention is not'limited to the details of construction nor to the particular mode of operation illustrated and described but that the various features of the invention may be used separately or in combination in machines specifically d'iiferent in construction and operation, but within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In a machine of the class described, a plurality of separately operable devices for. forming in. stock an opening for the head "and shank of a fastening, and means for opening for its shank, separate mechanisms for actuating said means, and means for ins'ert-ing a fastening into said openings.

3. In a machine ofthe class described, means for forming an opening in thestock for the head of a fastening and for forming another opening for its shank, means for inserting a fastening into said openings, and means for closing the stock over the fas tening.

t. In a machine of the class described, means for forming an opening in the stock for the head of a fastening, inde )endent means for forming another openings-for its shank, means for inserting a fastening into said openings, and means for closing the stock over the fastening.

5. In a machine of the class described, means for forming an opening for the shank of a fastening in stock having a recess in its surface to receive the head of the fastening,

means for inserting the fastening, and means for closmg the stock 'over the fastening.

6. In a machine of the class described,

stoclcfceding mechanism, means for forming in the stock an opening for the head of a fastening, means for forming another opening for its shank, means for inserting a fastening into said openings, and means for closing the stock over the fastening, each of said means operating to perform its function between successive operations of the stock-feeding mechanism.

7. In a machine of the class described,

means for forming a recess in the surface of the stock to receive the head of a fasten in" means for formim in the stock a hole extending from said recess to receive the shank ot the fastening, means for inserting the fastening, andaneans for closing the stock over the fastening.

8. In a machine of the described, a

'movable device for forming in the stock an opening to receive the head of a fastenlng, In combination with an L'Wl and a driver movable alternately into the path of move ment of the said device, and means for actuating said parts.

9. In a machine of the class described, a device movable in the direction in which the work is fed for forming a con'i 'iaratively shallow recess to receive the head ofa fastening, a carrier movable transversely to the direction of feed, an awl bar and a driver bar movable in the carrier, an avvl secured to the awl bar for forming in thc worlt a hole extending from said recess to receive the shank of the fastening, a driver secures to the driver bainfor inserting thc fash-ning, a device for closing the stock over the fastening, and mains for actuating said? parts.

10. A machine for securing together layers of material by means of fastenings each hav ing both of its ends hook-shaped to engage different layers of material with a single strand of Wire connecting said ends, comprising means to form from continuous Wire a fastening having a shank and hook-shaped head, means for forming at each operation a single openingthrough the stock to receive the shank of the fastening, means 'to drive the fastening so that its shank will enter said opening and its hook-shaped head will enter the material, and means to turn back or clench the point of 'the shank, thus forming a hook to engage the stock.

11. In a machine "of, the class described, a vertically movable, work-support,= a. vertically movable aw! bar having an awl, a lever having co-nnections to the Worlcsupport and to the and bar and provided with a stud and a cam engaging sald stud to actuate the aWl, and the awl for penetrating the Work, sa 1d connections and said stud being proportioned and arranged to insure that a movement of the Work-support shall cause a side to receive and sustain said stud, Whereby a movement of the work-support causes the second lever to swing upon its stud as a fulcrum so as to pr oduce an equal movement of the and, While the cam is adapted to produce an independentmovement of the ELWl relatively to the Work-support for penetrating the Work.

13. In a machine of the class described, a vertically movable Work-support, a lever connected to said work support, a vertically movable and; bar having an and, second lever connected to said and bar, means, including an adjustable pivot for connecting said lovers, the parts being so arranged that the awl in its lowest position will be at a predetermined distance from the Work sup port Whatever the thickness of the work, and means moving the and bar relatively to the worlnsupport to cause the awl to enter the Work. Y

14;. In a machine of tne'class described, a vertically n'lovable wo-rk-simport, a vertically movable avvl bar having an awl. cooperating with the Work-support, connections between said Work-su )port and said avvl bar proportioned and arranged to insure that the and in its lowest position shall he a predetermined distance from the work-support Whatever the thickness of the work, said connectionsincluding an adj ustable eccentric pivot'ivhereby the said distance may be varied, and means for moving nism for forming a theawl bar relatively to the work-support to cause the awl to enter the work.

1-5. In a machine of the class described, I

mechanism for forming a fastening from continuous wire, means for feeding the wire to said mechanism, and'means operated automatically to vary the length of wire fed by changing the rate of feed without changing substantially the points in the cycle of operatlons at which the feed-begins and ends.

16. In a machine of the class described,

mechanism for forming a fastening from continuous wire, means for feeding the wire to said mechanism, and means controlled automatically by the work for accelerating or retarding the rate at which the wire is fed to vary the length of wire fed according to the thickness of the work, whereby the time during which the feed is taking place is substantially constant with relation to the time occupied by the whole cycle of operations of the machine.

17. In a machine of the class described, mechanism for forming a fastening from continuous wire, means for feeding the wire to said mechanism comprising a wire-engaging device and means for actuating said device including an arm or crank having an adjustable connecting pin, and means operated automatically whenever any change occurs in the thickness of the work for adjusting the position of the connecting pin and thereby varying the length of wire .fed to form a fastening. I

18. In a machine of the class described, a work-support, mechanism for-forming a fastening from continuous wire and for inserting it into work sustained on said work-support, means for feeding the wire to said mechanism comprising a wire-engaging device and means for actuating said device including a slotted arm or crank and a block movable in the slot to vary the length of the wire fed, and connections between the worksup port and the block to cause them to move in unison whereby the length of the fastening is determined by the thickness of the work upon the worlesupport.

19. In a machine of the class described, a vertically movable work-support, mechafastening from continuous wire and for inserting it into work sustained on said work-support, a wire-engaging device, a slotted arm or crank, a block movable in the slot, connections from said block to the wire-engaging device, connections between the work-support and the block to cause them to move substantially vertically in unison; whereby the length of the fastening is determined by the thickness of the work upon the work-support, and means for actuating said' arm or crank to feed the wire to the forming mechanism and to leave the slot of the arm or crank approximately vertical when the machine is at rest so that movement of the work-support at that time will not actuate the wire-engaging device.

20. In a machine of the class described, a shaft, means operated automatically to caliper work of variable thickness, mechanism for forming from continuous wire a fastening having a shank and a hook-shaped head and for inserting said fastening into the work, means for feeding the wire to said mechanism comprising a wire-engaging device and connections therefrom to said shaft which include a slotted arm or crank and a block slidable in the slot toward and from the axis of the arm or crank, and positive connections from the calipering means to the'block whereby the length of wire fed is varied, said parts being constructed and arranged so that the shank of the fastening shall have a length determined by the thickness of the work but the length of the head of the fastening will not be; Varied.

21. In amachine of the class described, a shaft, means operated automatically to caliper work of variable thickness, mechanism for forming from continuous'wire a fastening and for inserting said fastening into the work, means for feeding wire to said mechanism comprising a wire-engaging device and connections therefrom to said shaft which include a slotted arm or crank and a block slidable in the slot toward and from the axis of the arm or crank, and positive connections from the calipering means to the block whereby thelength of the wire fed is varied so that the length of the fastening is determined by the thickness of'the work, the parts being soconstructed and arranged that when the machine is at rest any movement of the calipering means at that time will not actuate the wire engaging device.

22. In a machine of the class described, mechanismfor forming a fastening from continuous wire, means for feeding the wire to said mechanism comprising a wire engaging device, a clutch, and mechanism including 'a reciprocating member for actuating said device in one direction 'only through said clutch, and means controlled by'the thickness of the work for automatically varying the length of the wire fed by chang-- ingthe rate of movement of said member without changing substantially the points in the cycle of operations at which such movement begins and ends.

23. In a machine of the class described, mechanism for forming a fastening from continuous wire, means for feeding the wire to said mechanism comprising a wire-engaging device, a roll clutch, mechanism including a reciprocating member connected to said clutch to operate said device, and means for adjusting the movement of said member automatically but Without changing substantially the points in the cycle of operations at which such movement begins and ends to vary the length of wire fed according'to the thickness of the work.

24. In a machine of the class described,

means operated automatically to caliper workof variable'thickness, mechanism for forming from continuous Wire a fastening having a shank and a hook-shaped head, means controlled by said calipering means for varying the length of the shank without varying the length of the head, means, for in- ,serting the fastening into the work, and means for feeding the wire after the work has been calipered but before the fastening tening is inserted.

has been formed and inserted, whereby the length of the shank of a particular fastening is automatically determined-by the thickness of the work at the point Where said fas- 25. In a machine of the class described, a

driver, a spring-actuated lever connected with the driver and having a. cam roll, a cam, means for lifting the lever in opposition to its actuating means and for releasing it to drive a fastening into the Work, a .stop to F limit the movement of the driver, having aisurface complemental to the circular path of the roll relatively to the moving cam surface and adapted for returning the driver to normal position as it rebounds from the stop. v.

26. In a machine of the class described, a

driver, a driver bar, spring-actuated means,

acting upon said bar to drive a fastening into the work, a stop to limit the downward movement of the bar, a pivotedlever con-'- nected to the driver bar, a cam roll carried by said lever, a cam having a surface curved in substantial conformity with the circular path of said roll and terminating in a projection for acting upon said lever to raise the baias it rebounds from the stop, whereby the force of the rebound is utilized and ex-, cessivestrain on the lever is avoided.

'27. In a machine of the class described, a'

driver, a driver bar a pivoted lever connected to the driver bar and carryinga cam roll, spring-actuated means acting uponsaid lever to cause the driver to drive a fastening l LOUIS AjcAseRAIN.

Witnesses:

FREDERICK L'Enrronns, BERNARD BARROWS.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,048,134, granted December 24, 1912, upon the application of Louis A. Casgrain, of Beverly, Massachusetts,

printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 13, line for an improvement in Machines for Inserting Fasteners, errors appear in the 25, strike out the word means; same page, line 28, before the ivord havingf, insert the words said cam; and that the said LetteraPatent should be read with these correction therein that the same may conform-t0 the record of the case in the Patent [SEAL] Signed and scaled this 4th day of February, A. 19.13.

c. c. BILLINGS,

Acting Cbmmiesioner of 1' intents.

release the driver bar circular path of 

